Principles of Running Training
一般人都認同“Practice makes perfect”,Sharkey(1986)甚致說運動是由99%的準備和1%的表現所組成,但正如Vernacchia,McGuire與Cook(1992)指出,練習不一定就可以做到完美(Practice does not necessary make perfect),只有從事完善的、有計劃及有目的之練習,方可達至完美的表現。最佳表現絕少無緣無故出現,它們往往都是細心準備的成果。再者,訓練計劃必須按照個別運動員的特點和項目的要求而製定,如果只是盲目地抄摘別人的訓練計劃而進行練習,往往只會弄巧反拙。因此,如何為個別運動員設定訓練計劃就顯得非常重要,難怪許多運動生理學家(Åstrand與Rodahl,1986;Fox等,1993)都花了不少時間去探究運動訓練和參與的瞬間和長遠影響,並為此而提出了不少的建議和指引。
中長跑的訓練原則與一般的運動訓練原則大同小異,當中一些較為重要的訓練原則包括:
專項性原則
Principles of Specificity
循序漸進原則
Principle of Progressive Overload
作息有序原則
Principle of Hard and Easy Days
個別差異原則
Principle of Individual Differences
週期訓練原則
Principle of Periodization
References
Åstrand, P.-O., and Rodahl, K. (1986). Textbook of Work Physiology: Physiological Bases of Exercise (3rd ed.). Singapore: McGraw-Hill.
Fox, E. L., Bowers, R. W., and Foss, M. L. (1993). The Physiological Basis for Exercise and Sport (5th ed.). Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown.
Sharkey, B. J. (1986). Coaches Guide to Sport Physiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Vernacchia, R., McGuire, R., and Cook, D. (1992). Coaching Mental Excellence. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown Communications.
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Running Training
最近更新日期(Last Updated):2009-04-04